Teachings
on Preliminaries
Open
Heart Spring Retreat 2019
For
the past year, I have worked on the Preliminary Practices of Open
Heart. Preliminaries are largely what Buddhism teaches. The word
preliminary itself comes from Tibetan word ngondro or nundro. In
total, there are about 30 preliminaries on the list that will soon be
published. In the following, I discuss a few of them as practice
material for this Spring Retreat of 2019 held near Dublin, in
Ireland.
Dzogchen
Preliminary: Going to Nature
Read these passages every
day on retreat.
Nature of mind is the
same indoors and outdoors so basically there is no need to change
anything. Outdoors it is easy to be supported by the natural state of
the surrounding nature, while indoors because alive physical nature
is not there, it is not that obvious. For this reason yogins and
yoginis have always prioritised practicing in nature. Anyhow, if the
weather doesn't allow sitting outside, and I'm pretty sure it doesn't
(ha!), simply feel nature beyond the building walls. Having a window
open so that natural sounds come in is very helpful.
When you sit outside,
don't sit too close to other people. You should have the sense that
you're sitting alone, in your own peace, just you and the surrounding
nature. Also, if it is possible to go to woods with trees and bushes,
that is much better than a man made garden.
I have written in the
preliminary instruction: Go to a forest or any natural place, like a
hill, cliff, riverside or a desert. Pick a place that is pleasant and
safe to be. Sit down. Don't meditate. Feel connected with the
surrounding nature, sights and sounds. Just be together with the
surrounding nature without anything else. Prayers, mantras or other
aspirations are not needed, although can be used.
Nature is in the natural
state of mind already. Anyone who has spent time in nature hiking,
camping, fishing or hunting already knows that. Physical nature, the
power of it, is so compelling that even the most stubborn ego will
yield when in nature. What is needed to achieve this? Nothing, except
you need to go there in the midst of nature. That's it. No need to
make effort of any kind. Just go out there and sit, letting the
surroundings in... without thought or intention, be together with
nature: trees, bushes, animals, sky, ground, wind, light and the
aliveness of it all. Just go out there and it will happen by itself.
If for some reason you are hopelessly restless, shout Phets. This is
the practice. It's nothing special.
Common
Preliminaries
(To be read
on afternoons)
I had intended to talk
and guide workshops about other preliminaries: Transcience of Life,
Acknowledgement of Confusion and Value of Dharma. I'll write about
this in a nutshell.
Dharma is
not about happiness.
Dharma is not about
happiness... Say that to yourself a few times. Are you practicing
dharma to make your life more happy or to make it better somehow?
Well, that is OK but not the real purpose of dharma. None of the
yogins and yoginis who realised their nature in full and became
enlightened practiced to become happy. Why did they practice? They
practiced to see the reality of themselves. Seeing and experiencing
the reality of ourselves is the core of dharma. In Buddhism, there
are many exercises that are practiced extensively so that we can
perceive the reality of ourselves, know ourselves as perfectly and
completely awake awareness which is embodied by the contents of our
mind and our physical body. Read this last sentence three times.
 |
| Padmasambhava |
Attachment
We become attached to
life. We become attached to comforts, that in our Western society are
many. We also want to avoid discomfort. Yes? No? Think about it. Be
honest, don't bullshit yourself. Countless causes for dissatisfaction
are created because we convince ourselves that we could become happy
by momentary pleasures, like delicious food, wild sex, physical
exercise, intoxicating drink, intoxicating drugs, luxury massage, new
car, new house, new partner, new pet and so on. It can also be
something subtler, like being attached to a certain kind of
breakfast. None of these examples are causes of suffering, if there
is no attachment, that is, self, me-ness involved. If you see that
none of these things can give you lasting happiness, you won't rely
on them. In that case you get your fix from knowing yourself as a
buddha. This fix is no-fix and everyone, everyone, is seeking that.
All sentient, samsaric, beings have buddhanature and this very fact
is the reason why we cannot get satisfaction from fleeting stuff.
I am sure everyone in the
room will have heard this before. "Yeah, yeah, I know all that
already", you might think. I am sorry to break the news for you
but you don't really know until there is not the slightest shadow in
your mind. Admit and acknowledge that you are confused because you
are attached to your human condition and the pleasures that are
available to you. This point needs to penetrate one's whole being,
otherwise you are not doing the practice. If you go to a pub in a
samsaric rapture of wanting a good crunk, some fatty food, good
laughs and maybe even get laid before passing out into obvilion, if
even a trace of that selfish excitement is there, you are still
attached. If you are not ready or willing to admit this, fine, no
need to force it. Samsara will do it's thing so eventually you will
get it.
Transcience
of Life
We are all human beings
with human bodies, names, personas and we do stuff that humans
typically do. Also human beings have buddhanature and therefore can
get released from samsara, cyclical existence. Buddhanature itself is
the cause for liberation.
I'd like to ask you to
contemplate the following: The inevitability of death through
accident, illness or old age. Have you heard of anyone who avoided
death? Of course not. You, I and everyone else, including our loved
ones, will die. I am sorry to put it so bluntly but it is a fact that
you, I and everyone else cannot prevent the wheel of time from
turning. We can only leap out of it by knowing ourselves as buddhas.
So when talking about these three preliminaries as dharma practice,
we are to sit down, contemplate and imagine our bodies dying in
sudden accidents of various kinds (be creative), or being ill with
horrible diseases or being so old that your body simply cannot
perform anymore, so that you cannot walk and move anymore, cannot eat
because the stomach doesn't digest, you soil yourself, your mouth is
dry, your eyes are blurry and your ears don't hear well. If you
contemplate the transcience of life in this manner your attachments
and self-based confusions will transform and you will become more
clear minded, that is, a little bit closer to being free.
We do not know when the
moment of death comes but it is certain that at one moment your body
will fall down on the ground and the breath stops. Heat will escape
the body of a samsaric human in hours and the body begins to decay,
rot and smell. Have you seen a dead body with your own eyes?
Statistically, 151 000
people die every day. That's over a million in a week. A million
human corpses... Young people, old people, children, black people,
white people, Asians, tall people, short people, smart people, dumb
people, handsome people, attractive people, unattractive people,
leaders, followers, PhD's, millionaires, billionaires, poor people,
heteros, gays, lesbians, trans's, liberals, conservatives, activists,
extremists, terrorists and a few spiritual practitioners too... How
many of them die in peace and have a clear mind? If you are not
comfortable with the idea that you will die and leave everything you
know behind, you will die confused, afraid and anxious... Such a
corpse is not a pretty sight. Yogis and yoginis welcome death with an
open mind and die in equipoise because they know it is an inevitable
change and life continues afterwards. I am using quite graphical
descriptions with the hope that you will be shaken up a bit and
listen. Mortality is a good meditation and has been one of my main
practices since I was teenager, for over 25 years. I am still not
done and am certainly samsaric so when I die you might see my body go
dry and black. That's a joke. Haha!
Life is transient and
that is one of the beauties of it. Everything is in motion. It is
typical for humans, when we grow up, to create a belief system and
absorb fixed views about all kinds of things. Self and attachment are
present pretty much from the day we are born. Of course it is.
One of the most central
teachings of Buddhism is transmigration between different realms. Now
we are (samsaric) humans, in 100 years we might be dogs, cats, pigs,
angels, gods or demons, depending on what kind of mind we cultivate.
Or we might be liberated! Actually even sooner than hundreds of
years. When we realise, real-ize or actual-ize our inner buddhahood,
depending on readiness or willingness (which is merit), karmic
connections meaning teachings and teachers, and effort in practice.
Readiness and karmic connections come from previous lives and are
further strengthened in this one, if one practices. Effort in
practice also comes from previous lives and greatly defines our
ability to understand dharma quickly through flesh and bone, instead
of brooding on mental concepts.
Some practitioners, the
moment they hear of dharma, of buddhas, of emptiness or something
like that, are already on the path. It just clicks. It's like the old
analogy of a horse and whip. A brilliant horse runs at the shadow of
the whip. At the other extreme, the horse walks lazily and takes
breaks even if it is hardly beaten. I've seen many such bad horses in
people who are very casual about dharma but because they don't
practice, they are mere believers, convinced that they know what the
teaching of the Buddha is about. When such people draw their last
breath, it will be a crazy and scary rollercoaster. Maybe they won't
take dharma for granted in future lives. Such people never listened
to their teacher and never really did preliminaries. Then there are
horses in between these two. What kind of horse are you? Clarify your
motivation to yourself to make your path easy and straight. If you
are after happiness or just nibble it, bite here and there, you have
a long and winding road ahead of you. It is not a problem for me and
I am not admonishing you either. So, mortality and transcience of
life is a great preliminary.
Honesty
Honesty is another
preliminary. We need to be honest and willing to see our own faults.
Not many people can practice that well because we want to affect
things to our favour, to make it better for us, so that we can be
happier. If we cultivate honesty and sincerity, by simply reminding
ourselves to be honest in this moment, that already reveals ourselves
as buddhas. Honesty and sincerity brings in a flood of energy that is
pure, pacifying and grounded. If we remain honest about our thoughts,
words and actions, we are already buddhas. It is a misconception to
think that if one remained honest for 30 years, then the reward would
come after such a period of cultivation. No, the reward of non-reward
is instant and has an instant effect on our mind. The preliminary of
honesty, reminding ourselves to be honest, like other preliminaries
needs to be repeated many times. In that way we are actually
transforming our self-centered and self-invested habits. Being honest
purifies our actions.
Acknowledgement
of Confusion and Value of Dharma
We cannot really know the
value of dharma, unless we can acknowledge the depth and seriousness
of our confusion. Again, think about the wheel of life (skt.
bhavachakra) and transmigration in realms. If you don't practice the
dharma, you cannot know yourself. If you don't know yourself, you are
unaware of karmic records stored in your subconscious mind that will
kick in, in full at the moment you die. When a filled but untied
balloon is released in a room it flies all over the place and ends up
in a random place! Look at your emotional reactions and you get a
sense of where you're heading. Maybe you end up having another human
life, but think of all the possible places and cisumstances you could
end up... When we are still in a human body and have the opportunity
to practice the dharma, that very very very few people do, you can
remain honest and acknowledge the scope of your self-based confusion.
As tantrics, when we realise that we truly are fucked, that is the
moment when we take refuge in the mahasiddha guru, mainly Guru
Rinpoche. And he is more than happy to help anyone!
Past mahasiddhas are
literally hanging in the air, on all corners of the world, just
waiting for people to turn to them. We only need to make the
initiative and when we do it's such a joyful and fulfilling ride.
Through guru yoga, this association, we come to know the reality of
ourselves which is the whole point. Like this, bit by bit, we come to
value the dharma. Little by little, appreciation and valuing dharma
comes to us. This is nothing else but your awakened nature.
Bodhicitta
All these preliminaries
(tib. nundro) give arise to bodhicitta, the heartmind of
enlightenment. Bodhicitta is just another way of saying that we begin
to become who we essentially already are. Samsaric beings don't give
a shit about others because they are only concerned about their fix
and the happiness of those they know or who belong to their group.
Aren't most people acting exactly like this? It's a bloody mess,
isn't it.
By caring for others,
bodhisattvas break their bubble made of habits, likes and dislikes,
that is, the self. We begin to care for others because we become less
self-immersed and begin to see that everyone else around us suffers
too.
Thank you and bows for
listening. Now practice, actualise, these teachings. Make these words
of countless predecessors your life line. Don't waste your time.
Again, I am sorry that I
couldn't make it over due to being ill. I wish you all a great Spring
Retreat!
Much love,
Kim
